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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 34(1): 375-379, Mar. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-780520

ABSTRACT

Un total de 24 ratas hembras de 4 meses de vida con peso aproximado de 250 g recibieron una solución de alcohol 40 % disuelto en agua lo cual derivó en una esteatosis alcohólica multivesicular. A 12 de estas ratas esteatósicas se le aplicó estimulaciones de láser infrarrojo con dosis de 8 J/cm2 durante 15 días consecutivos. Posteriormente las ratas fueron sacrificadas y se extrajeron muestras tanto de hígado esteatósico como del estimulado para enseguida ser procesadas para microscopía electrónica de transmisión. De hepatocitos esteatósicos y esteatósicos estimulados se obtuvieron microfotografías electrónicas de transmisión con aumentos finales de 9.500 X, las cuales fueron sometidas a estudios morfométricos para determinar tanto el número de poros nucleares como de fracciones volumétricas de los siguientes componentes celulares: Areas celular y nuclear, fracciones volumétricas de núcleos y nucléolos, eu y heterocromatina. De igual manera se determinó la relación nucleo-citoplasmática de ambos tipos celulares. Del análisis de los resultados entre hepatocitos alcohólicos y alcohólicos estimulados se visualiza que existen notables diferencias en todos los componentes celulares cuantificados. Se concluye que los efectos de la estimulación con lásr infrarrojo provoca en los hepatocitos una drástica transformación en su ultraestructura y en su morfología, situación que se traduciría, por ende, en una variación funcional, representando de esta manera el efecto que dicha estimulación provoca en los hepatocitos.


A total of 24 female rats, aged 4 months and weighing approximately 250 g and they given a solution of 40 % alcohol dissolved in water, leading to alcoholic multivesicular steatosis and 12 of rats was given and infrared laser with dose of 8 J/cm2 during 15 d. The rats were then killed and samples of steatosis and stimulated and were taken and processed for examination by transmission electron microscope. Transmission electron microscope microphotographs steatotic hepatocytes and stimulated steatotic were obtained with final magnification of 9,500 X. They were subjected to morphometric studies to determine the number of nuclear pores and volumetric fractions and areas the following components: cellular and nuclear area, volumetric fractions of nucleus, nucleolus, eu and heterochromatin, nucleocytoplamic ratio of each cell type was determined. Analysis of the results between alcoholic hepatocytes and stimulate alcoholic shows that noticeable differences exist in all the cell components quantified. It is concluded that the effects of the stimuli of laser infrared provoke in the hepatocytes, a drastic transformation of their ultrastructure and morphology. This finally leads to functional variations, representing the effects produced by this stimulate in the hepatocytes.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Fatty Liver, Alcoholic/pathology , Hepatocytes/pathology , Hepatocytes/radiation effects , Infrared Rays , Lasers , Hepatocytes/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 33(1): 222-228, Mar. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-743789

ABSTRACT

Un total de 20 ratas hembras de 4 meses de vida con peso aproximado de 250 gramos fueron divididas en 4 grupos de animales rotulados como A, B, C y D. El grupo A corresponde al control y los demás grupos recibieron respectivamente estimulaciones con laser infrarrojo con dosis crecientes de 4, 8 y 16 Joules por cm2 durante 15 días consecutivos en 5 puntos del hígado. Posteriormente las ratas fueron sacrificadas y se extrajeron muestras tanto de hígado control como de los estimulados con inducciones infrarrojas para enseguida ser procesadas para microscopía electrónica de transmisión. De los hepatocitos se obtuvieron microfotografías electrónicas de transmisión con aumentos finales de 9.500 X, las cuales fueron sometidas a estudios morfométricos para determinar fracciones volumétricas de sus núcleos y estructuras nucleares. De igual manera se cuantificaron las áreas nucleares, celulares y se determinó la relación núcleo-citoplasmática de los tipos celulares estudiados. Analizados los resultados entre los hepatocitos controles e irradiados se visualiza que existen notables diferencias en la totalidad de los parámetros cuantificados concluyéndose que los efectos de las estimulaciónes infrarrojas con dosis crecientes genera transformaciones en su ultraestructura y en su morfología, fundamentalmente en el aumento de los volúmenes nucleares, y celulares, los volúmenes de cromatina y de la relación-núcleo-citoplasmática situación que se traduciría en una variación funcional, representando de esta manera un efecto evidente que estas inducciones infrarrojas generan.


Twenty-four four-month-old female rats weighing approximately 250 grams were divided into four groups labeled A, B, C and D. A corresponds to the normal group and the other groups received stimulation increasing doses with 4, 8 and 16 J/cm2 of infrared laser respectively for 15 consecutive days in five points of the liver. The rats were then sacrificed and samples of normal liver and liver stimulated with infrared inductions were extracted for immediate processing via transmission electron microscopy. From cell types transmission electron microphotographs were obtained at magnifications of 9500 X these were subjected to morphometric studies to determine volumetric fractions of the nuclei and nuclear structures. Likewise, cell and nuclear areas and nuclear-citoplasmatic relation were quantified. Analysis of the results between normal and radiated hepatocytes revealed notable differences in all the cell components quantified. It is concluded that the effects of increasing infrared stimulation doses brings transformation in their ultrastructure and morphology, fundamentally in the considerable increase in nuclear volume, chromatin volume and the nuclear-citoplasmatic relation, which ultimately translates into a functional variation, thus representing an obvious impact produced by these infrared inductions.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Hepatocytes/radiation effects , Hepatocytes/ultrastructure , Infrared Rays , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 32(3): 1009-1014, Sept. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-728302

ABSTRACT

Veinticuatro ratas hembras Sprague Dawley de 4 meses de vida con peso aproximado de 250 g, fueron divididas en cuatro grupos (A, B, C y D), donde el grupo A (control) no recibió estimulación infrarroja, B se irradió con láser infrarrojo 4 J/cm², C con dosis de 8 J/cm² y D con 16 J/cm². La estimulación infrarroja se realizó diariamente, por 15 días ininterrumpidos. Las ratas fueron sacrificadas y se extrajeron muestras tanto de hígado normal (control) como estimulado con las distintas dosis infrarrojas, las que fueron procesadas para microscopía electrónica de transmisión. De los hepatocitos normales y estimulados, se obtuvieron microfotografías con aumentos finales de hasta 36.500 X, que fueron sometidas a estudios morfométricos para determinar fracciones volumétricas con especial énfasis en el retículo endoplásmico liso (REL) y de los siguientes componentes celulares: retículo endoplasmático rugoso (RER), mitocondrias, glicógeno, eu y heterocromatina. De igual manera se cuantificaron las áreas celulares y nucleares. Del análisis de los resultados entre hepatocitos normales y estimulados con diferentes dosis infrarrojas, se visualiza que existen notables diferencias en todos los componentes celulares cuantificados particularmente el REL. Se concluye que las estimulaciones infrarrojas provocan una drástica transformación en la ultraestructura y morfología de los hepatocitos, lo que provocaría una variación funcional, representando de esta manera el efecto que estas estimulaciones provocan en este tipo celular.


A total of 24 female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 4 months and weighing approximately 250 g, were divided into four groups labeled A, B, C and D. Group A received no infrared stimulation and served as control. Group B was radiated with a dose of 4 J/cm² of infrared laser, Group C with doses of 8 J/cm² and Group D with 16 J/cm². This infrared stimulation was carried out daily for 15 days uninterrupted. The rats were then sacrificed and samples of both normal-control liver and liver stimulated with the different infrared doses were extracted for immediate processing via transmission electron microscopy. Transmission electron microphotographs were obtained at magnifications of 21300X from both normal and stimulated hepatocytes; these were subjected to morphometric studies to determine volumetric fractions with special emphasis on the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and the following cell components: rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), mitochondria, glycogen, eu and heterochromatin. Likewise, cell and nuclear areas were quantified. Analysis of the results of normal and stimulated hepatocytes with different infrared doses showed considerable differences in all the quantified cell components and particularly from the SER it is concluded that the effects of these stimulations bring about a drastic transformation in the ultrastructure and morphology of the hepatocytes, which may ultimately translate into a functional variation, thus representing the effect that these stimulations cause in this cell type.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth/radiation effects , Hepatocytes/radiation effects , Infrared Rays , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth/ultrastructure , Hepatocytes/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 31(1): 307-311, mar. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-676173

ABSTRACT

24 ratas hembras de 4 meses de vida con peso aproximado de 250 gramos fueron divididas en dos grupos de animales, A y B. Ambos grupos se mantuvieron con pellet y solución de alcohol 40% durante 60 días generándoseles una hepatoesteatosis microvesicular. Los hígados de los animales pertenecientes al grupo B fueron estimulados con láser infrarrojo 6 J/cm2 durante 15 días consecutivos. Posteriormente, las ratas fueron sacrificadas y se extrajeron muestras de hígado y luego procesadas para microscopía electrónica de transmisión. De ambos tipos celulares se obtuvieron microfotografías electrónicas de transmisión con aumentos finales de 8.500 X, las cuales fueron sometidas a estudios morfométricos para determinar fracciones volumétricas de los siguientes componentes celulares: Retículo endoplasmático rugoso (RER), mitocondrias, inclusiones lipídicas y de glicógeno, eu y heterocromatina. De igual manera se cuantificaron las áreas celulares y nucleares. Del análisis de los resultados entre hepatocitos esteatósicos e irradiados se visualiza que existen diferencias en todos los componentes celulares cuantificados y se concluye que los efectos de la estimulación infrarroja con dosis de 6 J/cm2 provoca en los hepatocitos con esteatosis microvesicular transformación en su ultraestructura y en su morfología, fundamentalmente en la disminución acentuada de las infiltraciones lipídicas hasta en un 80% situación que se traduciría, en una variación funcional, representando de esta manera un efecto evidente que estas inducciones infrarrojas generan.


24 four-month-old female rats weighing approximately 250 grams were divided into two groups labeled A and B. Both groups were fed pellets and a 40% alcohol solution for 60 days, which caused a microvesicular hepatic steatosis. The livers of the animals in Group B were stimulated with 6 J/cm2 of infrared laser for 15 consecutive days. The rats were then sacrificed and samples of both steatosic liver and liver stimulated with infrared inductions were extracted for immediate processing via transmission electron microscopy.From both cell types transmission electron microphotographs were obtained at magnifications of 9500 X; these were subjected to morphometric studies to determine volumetric fractions of the following cell components: rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), mitochondria, lipid and glycogen inclusions, euchromatin and heterochromatin. Likewise, cell and nuclear areas were quantified. Analysis of the results between steatosic and radiated hepatocytes revealed notable differences in all the cell components quantified. It is concluded that the effects of infrared stimulation with a dose of 6 J/cm2 brings about in the steatosic hepatocytes a microvesicular transformation in their ultrastructure and morphology, fundamentally in the considerable decrease in lipid infiltrations to 80%, which ultimately translates into a functional variation, thus representing an obvious impact produced by these infrared inductions.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Hepatocytes/radiation effects , Fatty Liver/pathology , Infrared Rays , Lasers , Heterochromatin , Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Disease Models, Animal , Mitochondria
5.
Int. j. morphol ; 30(2): 467-472, jun. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-651815

ABSTRACT

Hígados de ratas Sprague Dawley fueron irradiados con dosis diarias de 6 J/cm2 emitida por el láser AsGa equivalente a 904 nm durante 15 días De estos animales previamente anestesiados fueron sacrificados transcurridos 5, 10, 30, 45 y 60 días post irradiación para posteriormente obtener quirúrgicamente muestras de hígado y ser procesadas para microscopía electrónica de transmisión, aplicando técnicas morfométricas utilizando aumentos de 8.500 X con especial énfasis en cuantificar fracciones volumétricas de componentes celulares con el objetivo de precisar la duración de las estimulaciones infrarrojas. El análisis de los resultados entre hepatocitos controles e irradiados con dosis de 6 J/cm2 y tiempo de estimulación infrarroja revela que existen marcadas diferencias entre las fracciones volumétricas de componentes celulares determinantes de funcionalidad celular e involucrados en síntesis proteica, cuantificación que demuestra claramente que el efecto del láser infrarrojo persiste hasta los 30 días post estimulación, evidenciándose modificaciones de organelos que revelan alta funcionalidad, mientras que sobre este tiempo es observada una notable inhibición de dicha funcionalidad, concluyéndose entonces que los efectos de radiación infrarroja persisten en tiempos precisos provocando en los hepatocitos una drástica transformación en sus componentes y por ende en su funcionalidad. en estas células de elevado metabolismo.


Livers of Sprague Dawley rats were irradiated with daily doses of 6 J/cm2 emitted by a laser AsGa, equivalent to 904 nm during 15 days. Experiment animals were anaesthetised and killed after 5, 10, 30, 45 and 60 days post irradiation, in order to obtain samples of liver by surgery. These were processed for transmission electron microscopy, and morphometric techniques were applied using 8,500 X magnification with special emphasis on measuring the volumetric fractions of cell components in order to determine the duration of infrared stimulation. Analysis of the results between control hepatocytes and those irradiated with doses of 6 J/cm2 and by period after infra-red stimulation revealed the existence of marked differences between the volumetric fractions of cell components which determine cell function or are involved in protein synthesis. The measurements show clearly that the effect of the infrared laser persists up to 30 days post stimulation, with evidence of modifications of organelles revealing high functioning, while after 30 days a notable inhibition of this functioning is observed. It is therefore concluded that the effects of infrared radiation persist for precise times, provoking a drastic transformation in hepatocyte components, and thus the functioning of these high-metabolism cells.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Hepatocytes/radiation effects , Infrared Rays , Hepatocytes/ultrastructure , Liver/cytology , Liver/radiation effects , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Time Factors
6.
Int. j. morphol ; 29(2): 650-655, June 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-597507

ABSTRACT

Hígados de ratas Sprague Dawley fueron irradiados durante 15 días con dosis diarias de 8 y 16 J/cm2 proveniente del láser AsGa equivalente a 904 nm. De estos animales previamente anestesiados, fueron quirúrgicamente obtenidas muestras de hígado y posteriormente procesadas para microscopía electrónica de transmisión, siendo estudiadas y sometidas a técnicas morfométricas utilizando aumentos de 8.500 X con especial énfasis en cuantificar fracciones volumétricas de componentes celulares. El análisis de los resultados entre hepatocitos irradiados con dosis de 8 y 16 J/cm2 revela que existen marcadas diferencias entre las fracciones volumétricas de componentes celulares determinantes de funcionalidad celular e involucrados en síntesis proteica, cuantificación que demuestra claramente que dosis de 8 J/cm2 logra un óptimo de estimulación para lograr alta funcionalidad, mientras que 16 J/cm2 evidencia notable inhibición de dicha funcionalidad, concluyéndose entonces que los efectos de dosis específicas de radiación infrarroja provoca en los hepatocitos una drástica transformación en sus componentes y por ende en su funcionalidad representando el efecto de estas estimulaciones sobre este tipo celular de elevado metabolismo.


Sprague Dawley rat livers were irradiated with 8 and 16 J/cm2 daily doses during 15 days from the AsGA laser, equivalent to 904 nm. Liver samples were surgically removed from rats previously anesthetized, then processed for electronic microscopic transmission and subsequently studied and subjected to morphometric techniques using 8.500 X enlargements with special emphasis on quantifying cellular component volumetric fractions. The result analysis of the hepatocytes irradiated with 8 and 16J/cm2 doses revealed that there were marked differences between the volumetric fractions of cellular components that determine cellular functionality and protein synthesis, a quantification that clearly demonstrates that with a dose of 8 J/cm2, the optimum stimuli is achieved in order to obtain high functionality, while with a dose of 16 J/cm2 a notable reduction of that functionality is noted, concluding that the effects of specific infrared radiation doses provoke a drastic transformation of its components in hepatocytes, and therefore its functionality, activating or inhibiting it, and representing the effect of these stimulations over this elevated metabolism cellular type.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Hepatocytes/radiation effects , Infrared Rays , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Hepatocytes/ultrastructure
7.
Int. j. morphol ; 28(3): 771-775, Sept. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-577184

ABSTRACT

De ratas Sprague Dawley tanto normales como irradiadas con dosis diarias de 1, 2, 4, 8, y 16 J/cm2 durante 15 días emitidas por el láser AsGa equivalente a 904 nm previamente anestesiadas, fueron quirúrgicamente obtenidas muestras de hígado, las que posteriormente fueron procesadas para microscopía óptica, siendo estudiadas y sometidas a técnicas morfométricas utilizando aumentos de 1000X, con especial énfasis en cuantificar áreas de núcleos y nucleolos. El análisis de los resultados entre hepatocitos normales e irradiados revela que existen marcadas diferencias entre sus áreas tanto nucleares como nucleolares, concluyéndose que los efectos de estas dosis de radiación infrarroja provoca en los hepatocitos una drástica transformación en sus componentes y por ende en su funcionalidad, principalmente en la relativa a la síntesis proteica, representando el efecto de estas estimulaciones sobre este tipo celular de elevado metabolismo.


Liver samples were taken from previously anaesthetised Sprague Dawley rats, both normal and irradiated with daily doses of 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 J/cm2 applied over 15 days by AsGa laser equivalent to 904 nm. These samples were then processed for optical microscopy. They were studied and subjected to morphometric techniques using 1000X magnification, placing special emphasis on the quantification of the areas of nuclei and nucleoli. An analytic comparison of the results between normal and irradiated hepatocytes reveals the existence of significant differences between both the nuclear and nucleolar areas studied, from which it is concluded that the effect of these doses of infrared radiation is to provoke a drastic transformation in the components of the hepatocytes, and therefore in their functioning, principally with respect to protein synthesis, and that this would be the effect of stimulation of this nature on this type of high-metabolism cell.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Hepatocytes/radiation effects , Liver/cytology , Liver/radiation effects , Liver/ultrastructure , Lasers , Glycogen/ultrastructure , Hepatocytes/cytology , Hepatocytes/ultrastructure , Liver/anatomy & histology , Infrared Rays , Microscopy , Mitochondria, Liver/ultrastructure , Rats, Sprague-Dawley
8.
Biol. Res ; 41(2): 217-225, 2008. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-495756

ABSTRACT

DNA damage repair was assessed in quiescent (G0) leukocytes and in hepatocytes of mice, after 1 and 2 hours recovery from a single whole body y-irradiation with 0.5, 1 or 2 Gy. Evaluation of single-strand breaks (SSB) and alkali-labile sites together were carried out by a single-cell electrophoresis at pH>13.0 (alkaline comet assay). In non-irradiated (control) mice, the constitutive, endogenous DNA damage (basal) was around 1.5 times higher in leukocytes than in hepatocytes. Irradiation immediately increased SSB frequency in both cell types, in a dose-dependent manner. Two sequential phases took place during the in vivo repair of the radio-induced DNA lesions. The earliest one, present in both hepatocytes and leukocytes, further increased the SSB frequency, making evident the processing of some primary lesions in DNA bases into the SSB repair intermediates. In a second phase, SSB frequency decreased because of their removal. In hepatocytes, such a frequency regressed to the constitutive basal level after 2 hours recovery from either 0.5 orí Gy. On the other hand, the SSB repair phase was specifically abrogated in leukocytes, at the doses and recovery times analyzed. Thus, the efficiency of in vivo repair of radio-induced DNA damage in dormant cells (lymphocytes) is quite different from that in hepatocytes whose low proliferation activity accounts only for cell renewal.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , DNA Damage , DNA Repair/physiology , Gamma Rays , Hepatocytes/radiation effects , Leukocytes/radiation effects , Whole-Body Irradiation , Comet Assay
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